Professor Porua

ASCII

admin — Sun, 09 Mar 2025 07:45:19 +0000

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

7 bit code originated in 1960s to standardize data interchange between computers & teleprinters

ASCII	SYMBOL
32	space
48 to 57	0 to 9
65 to 90	A to Z
97 to 122	a to z

Example:

Suppose a binary number 10010111100100 needs to be transferred to its respective ASCII code.

Step 1: Break the binary number into sets of 7 bits from right to left. (1001011 | 1100100)
Step 2: Transfer each set to their respective decimal. (75 | 100)
Step 3: Transfer each set to their respective ASCII. (K | d)

So, 10010111100100 = Kd

File Size

admin — Sun, 09 Mar 2025 07:04:54 +0000

4 bits (b) = 1 nibble

8 bits (b) = 1 byte (B)

1024 bytes (B) = 1 kilobyte (KB)

1024 kilobyte (KB) = 1 megabyte (MB)

1024 megabyte (MB) = 1 gigabyte (GB)

1024 gigabyte (GB) = 1 terabyte (TB)

1024 terabyte (TB) = 1 petabyte (PB)

1024 petabyte (PB) = 1 exabyte (EB)

1024 exabyte (EB) = 1 zettabyte (ZB)

1024 zettabyte (ZB) = 1 yottabyte (YB)

Nested Loop

admin — Thu, 25 Jan 2024 12:20:31 +0000

Design 1:

#
##
###

#

#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++)
{
for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
{
printf(“#”);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
getch();
}

Design 3:

1
00
111
0000
11111

#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
int i,j,a;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++)
{
for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
{
a=i%2;
printf(“%d”,a);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
getch();
}

Design 2:

***

*
**
*

#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
int i,j,a;
for(i=5;i>=1;i–)
{
for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
{
printf(“*”);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
getch();
}

Design 4:

1
10
101
1010
10101

#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
int i,j,a;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++)
{
for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
{
a=j%2;
printf(“%d”,a);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
getch();
}

For Loop

admin — Thu, 25 Jan 2024 12:14:09 +0000

Print “I love dogs” n times.

#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
int i,n;
scanf(“%d”,&n);
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
printf(“I love dogs\n”);
}
getch();
}

Print even numbers from 1 to n.

#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
int i,n;
scanf(“%d,&n);
for(i=2;i<=n;i=i+2)
{
printf(“%d\t”,i);
}
getch();
}

Simple Interest

admin — Thu, 25 Jan 2024 11:52:30 +0000

Suppose P is the initial amount (which is lent, deposited, invested or principal), t is the time or tenure & r is rate of interest, then:

While / Do While Loop

admin — Thu, 25 Jan 2024 11:38:24 +0000

While Loop

Main concept

while(condition)
{
statement;
}

Do While Loop

Main concept

do
{
statement;
}
while(condition);

AS LONG AS THE CONDITION IS VALID, THE STATEMENT, INSIDE THE WHILE (OR DO WHILE) LOOP, WILL KEEP ON RUNNING, NO MATTER WHAT THE STATEMENT IS

Print even numbers from 1 to 100.

#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a=2;
while(a<=100)
{
printf(“%d\t”,a);
a=a+2;
}
getch();
}

Print “THIS IS A TEXT” n times using do while.

#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a=1,n;
scanf(“%d”,&n);
do
{
printf(“THIS IS A TEXT\n”);
}
while(a<=n);
getch();
}

\t IS USED FOR 1 TAB

\n IS USED FOR NEW LINE

If Else

admin — Thu, 25 Jan 2024 11:32:08 +0000

Expression	Meaning
a==b	a is equal to b
a!=b	a is not equal to b
a<=b	a is less than equal to b
a>=b	a is greater than equal to b
a	a is less than b
a>b	a is greater than b
a%b	remainder of a÷b
a/b	quotient of a÷b
\|\|	or
&&	and

Print wheather a number is even or odd.

#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a;
scanf(“%d”,&a);
if (a%2==0)
{
printf(“%d is even”,a);
}
else
{
printf(“%d is odd”,a);
}
getch();
}

Print the greatest number among 3 given numbers.

#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a,b,c;
scanf(“%d %d %d”,&a,&b,&c);
if(a>b && a>c)
{
printf(“%d is the greatest”,a);
}
else if(b>a && b>c)
{
printf(“%d is the greatest”,b);
}
else if(c>a && c>b)
{
printf(“%d is the greatest”,c);
}
getch();
}

SCANF IS USED FOR USER INPUT

Pythagoras’ Theorem

admin — Thu, 25 Jan 2024 11:15:37 +0000

Pythagoras’ Theorem or Pythagorean Theorem is named after a Greek philosopher, Pythagoras, who was born around 507 BC in Samos island of old Greece.

According to the diagram:
∠ABC = 90° (AB is perpendicular to BC) & AC is Hypotenuse then:

(AC)² = (AB)² + (BC)²

c² = a² + b²

(Hypotenuse)² = (Perpendicular)² + (Base)²

BODMAS

admin — Thu, 25 Jan 2024 11:03:43 +0000

Step 1:

Look for brackets and complete the calculations inside them, according bracket order:
FIRST ( ) SECOND [ ] THIRD { }

Step 2:

Look for any kind of roots (square roots, cube roots and others), indices (square of a number, cube of a number and others), exponents and powers.

Step 3:

Look for any kind of division and solve the calculations.

Step 4:

Look for any kind of multiplications and solve the calculations.

Step 5:

Look for any kind of additions and solve the calculations.

Step 6:

Look for any kind of subtractions and solve the calculations.

Introduction

admin — Thu, 25 Jan 2024 10:48:27 +0000

Header Files

conio.h: CONsole Input Output (getch, clrscr)
stdio.h: STanDard Input Output (scanf, printf)
math.h: Mathematical functions (pow, sqrt, sin, cos, exp)
string.h: Character & string functions (char, strlen, String)

THERE ARE MANY OTHER HEADER FILES IN C
ALL ARE USABLE ACCORDING TO REQUIREMENTS

Print this line: “This is a test.”

#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
printf(“This is a test.”);
getch();
}

Print the addition result of 3 & 5.

#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a=3,b=5,c=0;
c=a+b;
printf(c);
getch();
}